Backache one of the most common ailments is widely prevalent these days

Learn about Backache


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Backache, one of the most common ailments, is widely prevalent these days due to sedentary
living habits and hazardous work patterns. The psychological conditions associated with
emotional stress, which bring about spasm of the muscles, may also cause backache. As the
back bears the weight of the entire body it gives way when it has to carry an extra load in the
case of persons who are overweight.
The back, a complex structure of muscles, bone and elastic tissue, is known as the life-bone of
the body. The spine is made of 24 blocks of bone piled one on top of the other. Sandwiched
between these bony blocks are cushions of cartilage and elastic tissues called intervertebral
discs. The vertebral discs act as shock absorbers for the back. Mobility would be impossible
without discs.
Sometimes these cushions rupture and the pulp protrudes a little. The process is erroneously
called a ‘slipped’ disc. If the cushion disappears entirely, the result is known as a degenerated
disc. In slipped-disc trouble, the nerve is affected in such a way that the pain radiates down the
thigh and leg. If the disc ‘slips’ in the neck area, it causes numbness and pain radiates to the
arms.
Disc trouble does not occur suddenly but builds up over a long time. The backbone forms a
protective arch over the vertebrae and spinal cord and protects the spinal nerves that are
interwoven through the spinal column. There is a close relationship between the bones, discs,
joint muscles and nerves in the back and the slightest problem or injury to the back or neck area
can have disastrous effects.
Symptoms
In most cases of backache, the pain is usually felt either in the middle of the back or lower down.
It may spread to both sides of the waist and the hips. With acute pain, the patient is unable to
move and is bedridden.
About 90 per cent of backache patients suffer from what is called cervical or lumber spondylosis.
It is a degenerative disorder in which the vertebralbone or the intervertebral disc becomes soft
and loses shape. As a result of this, the spine loses its flexibility.
Causes
The main causes of backache and spondylosis are muscular tension, joint strain, poor posture
and incorrect nutrition resulting from dietetic errors and lack of exercise. Acute or chronic
illnesses like kidney or prostate problems, female disorders, influenza and arthritis, may also
lead to backache. Other causes include stress and strain resulting from sitting for a long time,
improper lifting of weight, high heels and emotional problems which may cause painful muscle
cramping.
Poor posture results from soft chairs and coaches, which facilitates slouching and sitting
incorrectly. Shoes with high heels place a tremendous strain on the back and other muscles of
the body. Sleeping on too soft a mattress which results in an improper back and neck posture,
can cause tension, headaches and pain in the upper and lower back.
Another major cause of back problems and tense muscles is lack of exercise. Modern
conveniences have made officework easier. The easy life can lead to obesity which puts a great
strain on the back. When muscles are not exercised and remain weak, the chances of injury to
them is increased manifold.
Treatment

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